Bending Basics The hows and whys of springback and
09 07 2021 · Figure 3 Coining bottom bending and air forming affect stressstrain properties differently The curved line in the air forming zone shows how springback changes at different bend angles In bottoming and coining bending methods that usually produce 90 degree bend angles the line curves to the right of the vertical axis showing how the metal springs forward to conform to the die angle